Wehrmacht republic. Adolf Bruno Heinrich Ernst Heusinger (a.
- Wehrmacht republic. La république allemande est proclamée au cours de la révolution de 1918, le 9 novembre 1918, soit deux jours avant la fin des hostilités de la Première Guerre mondiale. Germany used a number of type designations for their weapons. Mar 13, 2025 · The Wehrmacht was the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945, consisting of the Heer (army), Kriegsmarine (navy), and Luftwaffe (air force). May 17, 2024 · Koreans in the Wehrmacht Discussions on the foreigners (volunteers as well as conscripts) fighting in the German Wehrmacht, those collaborating with the Axis and other period Far Right organizations. The early years were characterized by significant political instability and economic Werner von Blomberg was a German general and minister of war (1933–38) in the National Socialist government of Adolf Hitler. ʁ ɐ ʁe. Sep 1, 2001 · Soldiers as Citizens: Former Wehrmacht Officers in the Federal Republic of Germany, 1945-1955 (Studies in War, Society, and the Military) [Lockenour, Jay] on Amazon. After Hitler came to power, Germany began preparations for a war that, according to German plans, was to be This period saw the end of the Imperial German armed forces, the fall the of the Kaiserreich, the establishment of the Weimar Republic, the rise of numerous ad-hoc, volunteer, paramilitary, counter-revolutionary Freikorps units, and the formation of 3 major versions of the official German armed forces culminating in the Reichswehr that would Sep 24, 2021 · Obergefreiter, 5th Infantry Regiment. Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden as Prussian colonel general (with the rank of Generalfeldmarschall (GFM) The following is an incomplete list of German colonel generals. This formation culminated years of preparation during which former Wehrmacht officers and communist veterans of the Spanish Civil War helped organize and train paramilitary units of the People's As the German Wehrmacht drove in to surrender, was disarmed and their soldiers taken prisoners of war in May 1945, also ethnic German civilians (Sudetendeutsche) had to flee from Czechoslovakia 魏玛共和国（Weimar Republic）继续使用“德国帝国”一词，德意志帝国（ Deutsches Reich） ……在受过教育的德国人中，人们对远远超出了Bismarck创造的机构结构的共鸣：罗马帝国的继任者；上帝帝国在地球上的视野；其主张宗主的普遍性；还有一种更平淡但同样强大 Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Germany take full blame for starting WWI Paying for all the damages done in WWI, Senate, Nobody to enforce the rules and more. , Great Britain wanted to return to its perch, Italy wanted Ottoman lands to become part of Italy, U. Technically, the Weimar Constitution lasted until 1945, when the German government was formally dissolved in the wake of the Second World War, but most people date the end Jun 26, 2025 · Weimar Republic - Nazi Rise, Hyperinflation, Collapse: The basis of German prosperity in the late 1920s was precarious, as it was largely dependent on foreign credits. Parliament A comprehensive website on the Weimar Republic and Germany during the interwar years, 1918-1933. La Constitution Original WWII German Militaria and Memorabilia. This fragmentation of political power was in part due to the use of a peculiar proportional representation electoral system that encouraged regional or small special interest parties [1] and in part due to the many challenges facing the nascent German democracy in this period Credit unions printing their own money without central control would likely lead to hyper inflation, such was seen in Venezuela and the Wehrmacht republic. I had German relatives that were shop owners. com. The Black Reichswehr (German: Schwarze Reichswehr) was the unofficial name for the extra-legal paramilitary formation that was secretly a part of the German military (Reichswehr) during the early years of the Weimar Republic. The republic-loyal fraction of Social Democrats, Liberals and Catholics are now the minority – wedged between Nazis and German Nationals on the right, and Communists on the left. The map looks good and the national spirits (which represent the state of the Republic very well) have an interesting description. Wehrmacht Republic - SERVER IP ADRESS: 93. For personnel records of soldiers born before 1865, the War Archive in Vienna is the primary repository. The three primary branches of the Wehrmacht were the Heer (army), Luftwaffe (air force), and Kriegsmarine (navy). At the same time, he appointed himself Supreme Commander of the Wehrmacht and gave Blomberg the new subordinate title of Reich Minister of War and Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrmacht. Dec 19, 2024 · Wehrmacht Armored Vehicles According to the Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919, Germany was prohibited from possessing armored vehicles. Criminal acts committed by soldiers are tried in ordinary criminal courts by civilian judges. 00 BUY Description AUTHOR BIO When Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, Feldgendarmerie were reintroduced into the Wehrmacht. Generals later promoted to general field marshal (GFM) are not included. With the crash Sep 17, 2018 · Farewell to the German question – Looking back at the long journey West: 1919–1933 The Weimar Republic. In 1935, the Nazi government under Adolf Hitler re-established the Wehrmacht as the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany. Article 96 paragraph 2 of German Basic Law (Grundgesetz) allows the government to create specialised military courts in case of war and for soldiers sent abroad, subject to a federal law. Opponents of the Weimar Republic from left and right successfully unleashed an unprecedented attack of agitation against the state, which was unable to create the means to overcome the economic and political crisis. Officially it was the German Reich (Deutsches Reich): (German: Weimarer Republik [ˈvaɪmaʁɐ ʁepuˈbliːk] (listen)). In March 1935 Hitler ordered a program of military expansion and the reintroduction of conscription, a move which pleased Reichswehr generals. FlaK 30) are sufficient to identify a system, but occasionally multiple systems of the same type are developed at the same time and share a In April 1945, near Prague in Czechoslovakia, the German Wehrmacht was disarmed and their soldiers taken prisoners of war. The ground was paved for him by the foolish policies of the Weimar Republic, which plunged Germany into hyperinflation. A military police school was set up in Potsdam near Berlin to train Feldgendarmerie personnel. Jun 26, 2025 · Weimar Republic - Treaty, Versailles, 1919: The government’s instructions to the German peace delegation that went to Versailles, France, at the end of April 1919 show how wide was the gap between German and Allied opinion. On May 20th 1935 Hitler formally announced the reorganisation of the defence forces: the Reichswehr was re-formed and retitled as a new Nazi-led military force called the Wehrmacht. Georgians were also found in the Wehrmacht's North Caucasian Legion and in other Caucasian ethnic legions. In English, the republic was usually simply called "Germany", with "Weimar Republic" (a term introduced by Adolf Hitler in 1929) not commonly used until the 1930s. Quick NavigationThe Lounge Top User Control Panel Private Weimar Republic , Government of Germany 1919–33, so named because the assembly that adopted its constitution met at Weimar in 1919. The CUs would likely need to retain/attract incentivise the talent from their commercial equivalents today too…Picking winning investments is very hard. However, the later Boulogne Protocol allowed the Weimar Republic to have a limited number of armored transport vehicles and police armored cars. Jul 1, 2025 · Germany & Colonies Color Mixed Grade Used / Cancelled Modified Item No Certification Guaranteed 100% Authentic Does not apply Ebert Hindenburg Denomination Year of Issue Small stamp set Adolph Hitler Wehrmacht Republic Used / cancelled Currency Hindenburg Ebert Region Third Reich Topic Cancellation Type NSDAP Weimar Category Collectibles & Art Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden as Prussian colonel general (with the rank of Generalfeldmarschall (GFM) The following is an incomplete list of German colonel generals. There were few alterations and adjustments made as the army grew from a limited peacetime defense force of 100,000 men to a war-fighting force of several million men. The Reichswehr (Imperial Defence or German Army) also known as The Weimar German Army or the Weimar Republic Army was the name of the German military from 1919 to 1935 it served the Weimar Era (1919-1933) and The Nazi Era (1933-1945) which replaced the old Imperial German Army. The first elections for the new Republic were held on the 19 January 1919. The Social Democratic Party won 38% of the vote and 163 seats, the Catholic Centre Party won 20% of the vote and 91 seats and Jul 20, 2025 · Wehrmacht, the armed forces of the Third Reich. Since the fall of Wehrmacht Republic and the rise of Hitler we are obsessed with targeting inflation as we see it as an ultimate evil. The Weimar Republic refers to the democratic government of Germany that existed from 1919 to 1933, emerging from the tumult of World War I. The Federal Republic of Germany joined NATO in 1955. Dec 4, 2017 · The Weimar Republic was Germany’s government from 1919 to 1933, the period after World War I until the rise of Nazi Germany. Weimar Republic (1919-1933; among others Group "Bild 102 Aktuelle-Bilder-Centrale, Georg Pahl") Nazi Reich (1933-1945; especially war pictures taken by propaganda companies of the German army (Wehrmacht, Group "Bild 101") The German Democratic Republic (DDR) established the National People's Army on 1 March 1956 [2][3] (six months after the formation of the West German Bundeswehr) from the Kasernierte Volkspolizei. 103. The German Democratic Republic (DDR) established the National People's Army on 1 March 1956 [2][3] (six months after the formation of the West German Bundeswehr) from the Kasernierte Volkspolizei. List of German military equipment of World War IIThis page contains a list of equipment used the German military of World War II. When these dried up and the loans already made were called in, Germany was plunged into a slump more severe than that experienced by any other country. Jul 12, 2025 · Object for sale in the conditions As shown in the photo, check it Carefully with the lens of Ebay magnification Before purchase. cz Vladimir is retired, contact Honza :-) After facing challenges of hyperinflation and political instability in the Weimar Republic, Germany joined western Europe in the era of the Roaring Twenties. The newly formed Wehrmacht would still consist of an army and a navy – the renamed Heer and Kriegsmarine, but a new air force was born as well – the Luftwaffe. He served as the Operations Chief within the general staff The Wehrmacht as the German army of the Nazi era inherited its uniforms and rank structure from the Reichswehr of the Weimar Republic (1921–1935). Contains hundreds of primary and secondary resources. Free Shipping anywhere in the world. Their traditions went back to the Imperial Army, the old German Empire. They used a voting system called Proportional Representation . Stream Wehrmacht Republic by Adam Turner on desktop and mobile. The Weimar Republic is the name now used for the republic which governed Germany from 1918 to 1933. Most military records for the Czech Republic can be found in one of 4 archives. This article appears in: November 2003 Mar 31, 2016 · The Wehrmacht officer is Chiang Wei-Kuo, adopted son of Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The Wehrmacht was created by Adolf Hitler on March 16, 1935, and formally disbanded by the Allies on August 20, 1946. Adolf Bruno Heinrich Ernst Heusinger (a. The Weimar Republic (and period) draws its name from the town of Weimar in central Germany where the constitutional assembly met. Germany had been without armed forces since the Wehrmacht was dissolved following World War II. The Wehrkreise after the Anschluss Map of the Wehrkreise in 1943-1944 The military districts, also known in some English-language publications by their German name as Wehrkreise (singular: Wehrkreis), [1]: 27–40 were administrative territorial units in Nazi Germany before and during World War II. It consisted of the Heer (army), the Kriegsmarine (navy) and the Luftwaffe (air force). The designation " Wehrmacht " replaced the previously used term German: [ [Reichswehr]] (Reich Defence) and was the manifestation of the Nazi regime's efforts to rearm Germany to a greater extent than the The Wehrmacht The German Army of World War II was a great fighting machine that compromised its integrity in the service of evil. Prewar (M36): The WWII German Army Uniform had followed suit in rank and much of its structure from the Reichsheer (Reich Defence) aka ‘ Reichswehr ’ during the Weimar Republic (1921–1935). As of 2020, it was owned by his descendants. JOSEF FELDER: "We thought that, in the decisive moment, so much of the parties from the center would remain that they could counter this development. The Wehrmacht consisted of the Heer (German Army), the Kriegsmarine (German Navy) and the Luftwaffe (German Air Force). com The Weimar Republic is the name given to the German government between the end of the Imperial period (1918) and the beginning of Nazi Germany (1933). k. It was formed in 1921 after the German government, under pressure from the Entente, banned the Freikorps. [6][4] During World War II, the Wehrmacht occupied the castle until 1945. wanted Europe to follow the "14 points" plan, and France wanted to essentially bury Germany, New Wehrmacht Republic and more. This structure underwent few alterations as the army grew from a limited peacetime defense force of Wehrmacht (in English: "armed forces", literally "defence power") was the name of the unified armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1946/47. Jul 5, 2023 · During the Second World War, the Heer, the German army, and part of the Wehrmacht, inherited its uniforms and rank structure from the Reichsheer of the Weimar Republic (1921–1935). After World War II the responsibility for the security of Germany as a whole rested with the four occupying Allied Powers: the United States, the United Kingdom, France and the Soviet Union. [f] The period's informal name is derived from the city of Weimar, which hosted the constituent assembly that established 6 days ago · Germany - Weimar Republic, Nazi Rule, WWII: The republic proclaimed early in the afternoon of Saturday, November 9, 1918, is often called the “accidental republic. Although ostensibly apolitical, the Reichswehr acted as a state within a state, and its leadership was an important political power factor in the Weimar Republic. This formation culminated years of preparation during which former Wehrmacht officers and communist veterans of the Spanish Civil War helped organize and train paramilitary units of the People's We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The Army was slow, and The straight-armed Balkenkreuz, a stylized version of the Iron Cross, the emblem of the Wehrmacht. Later records are kept at the Military History Archive in Learn about and revise Weimar Germany between 1918 and 1929 with this BBC Bitesize History (Edexcel) study guide. Fascist Italian soldiers who had been trained in Germany were positioned near the Republic. Re: Amerika the 2nd Wehrmacht Republic I agree with Spoken, we're uniquely American, we obviously have problems like any country but WWII Germany was a completely different thing. The Wehrmacht (also called the Defence Forces or German Army or German Armed Forces in English) was Nazi Germany's unified military armed forces from 1935 to 1945. 240:7200!!! Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Britain, Italy, France, and U. S. In German eyes, the break with the past was complete, and the Wilsonian program of self-determination and equality of rights as set out in the Fourteen Points was binding Volksverteidiger C10 Volksverteidiger C10 (Model of 2145) Type Assault Rifle Place of Origin Sacred Chiron Service History In service 2140-Present Used by Chiron Wehrmacht, Republic of Deventer, Duchy of Wesel Wars CW2, Van Xuan Insurrection, Biskran Insurgency Production History Designed by Erhardt Kurschat Designed 2139 Produced 2140-Present Produced by Kurschat-Lickert Specifications Sep 10, 2017 · Around the end of September, once the Germans realised that the Allies were stuck at the Gothic Line, they reorganised their forces to bring down the Ossola Republic. In other words, the integration of the Wehrmacht's officer corps into West German society, and especially into its military elite, did not entail only compromises on the part of the officers—who indeed accepted the republican and democratic order-but also on the part of the republic, which brought into its fold men whose entire world view had Nov 5, 2024 · As all students of history know in the 1934 Wehrmacht Republic the organization known as the Hilter Yout started out in just the same way. The republic was named after the city of Weimar, where a national assembly convened to produce a new constitution after the German Empire was abolished following the The Weimar Republic, [d] officially known as the German Reich, [e] was the German state from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic. The Wehrmacht consisted of the Heer (army), the Kriegsmarine (navy), and the Luftwaffe (air force). Two years later in 1935, the Treaty of Versailles was renounced and the Reichswehr became the Wehrmacht. The task of military districts was the organization and the handling of reinforcements and Aug 2, 2016 · Learn about the Weimar Republic and the misunderstandings, myths, and fears that undercut efforts to build democracy in 1920s Germany. Adolf Horn while in Gehlen Org. Overall command of all these Jul 4, 2023 · The number one equipment of the weimar republic was a wheelbarrow full of near-worthless cash but you won't find that here. ///0:07 Passing the queue of German Jul 12, 2025 · And it’s just like the Wehrmacht Republic in Germany before Hitler came to power, where their economy collapsed. From the very start, advocates of the Republic had to withstand pressure from radical forces of the Left and Right. ma. Play over 320 million tracks for free on SoundCloud. A populist leader is a prime requisite but then a sycophantic supporter is also necessary. These ranks and insignia were peculiar to the Heer and in special cases to The Wehrmacht (pronounced as /de/,) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. I would be infinitely grateful to you If I assigned me a good Evaluation (5 stars) on all fields And positive feedback. After the Nazis came to power, they sought to control all aspects of civil society and the state, including the military. The new units received full infantry training and were given extensive police powers. Throughout its entire existence, the Weimar Republic, named after the town where its constitution was adopted, was continuously subjected to internal and external stresses and strains. When the Federal Republic of Germany was founded in 1949 Soldiers as Citizens Former Wehrmacht Officers in the Federal Republic of Germany, 1945-1955 by Jay Lockenour Published by: Nebraska Series: Studies in War, Society, and the Military 255 Pages Hardcover 9780803229402 Published: September 2001 $55. In German eyes, the break with the past was complete, and the Wilsonian program of self-determination and equality of rights as set out in the Fourteen Points was binding Sep 10, 2017 · Around the end of September, once the Germans realised that the Allies were stuck at the Gothic Line, they reorganised their forces to bring down the Ossola Republic. Signs of this were already apparent at the beginning of 1929. ˈbliːk/ Écouter ⓘ) est le nom donné par les historiens au régime politique en place en Allemagne de 1918 à 1933. In 1897, it was purchased by Princess Hohenlohe and in 1924, the times of the First Republic, bought by the President of Škoda, Josef Šimonek. General Hans von Seeckt thought that the Reichswehr no longer The Allied Control Council passed a law formally dissolving the Wehrmacht on the 20th of August 1946, the official “death” date of the German Heer. Poverty and despair gripped the nation. You currently have 0 posts. The military occupation of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany began with the German annexation of the Sudetenland in 1938, continued with the creation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and by the end of 1944 extended to all parts of Czechoslovakia. He joined the German Army as a volunteer in 1915 and later became a professional soldier. Army belt-buckle Uniforms of the Heer as the ground forces of the Wehrmacht were distinguished from other branches by two devices: the army form of the Wehrmachtsadler or Hoheitszeichen (national emblem) worn above the right breast pocket, and – with certain exceptions – collar tabs bearing a pair of Litzen (Doppellitze "double braid"), a device inherited from the old Prussian Guard which Hitler did not appear in a vacuum. There were few alterations and adjustments made as the army grew from a limited peacetime defense force of 100,000 men to a war Honza Lehar Zvole 121 789 01 Zabreh Czech Republic tel. 'defence force'), were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. In some cases, the type designation and series number (i. The Reichshee r was renamed Wehrmacht ‘ Heer ’ in May 1935. Following the Anschluss of Austria in March 1938 and the Munich Agreement in September of that same year, Adolf Hitler annexed the Discover the events that led to the Nazi invasion and occupation of Prague, as well as the effects and aftermath of WWII on the Golden city. 252. The military leadership—that is, the Supreme Command of the Wehrmacht and the High Command of the army—was responsible for both. Key dates illustrating the relationship between Germany’s professional military elite and the Nazi state, and the German military’s role in the Holocaust. ///0:07 Passing the queue of German Weimar Republic (1919-1933; among others Group "Bild 102 Aktuelle-Bilder-Centrale, Georg Pahl") Nazi Reich (1933-1945; especially war pictures taken by propaganda companies of the German army (Wehrmacht, Group "Bild 101") As the German Wehrmacht drove in to surrender, was disarmed and their soldiers taken prisoners of war in May 1945, also ethnic German civilians (Sudetendeutsche) had to flee from Czechoslovakia 魏玛共和国，正式被称为德国帝国，是1918年11月9日至1933年3月23日的德国历史时期，在此期间是宪法联邦共和国。因此，它也被称为德国共和国，并非正式地称为德国共和国。该时期的非正式名称源自魏玛市，魏玛市主持了建立政府的制宪议会。在英语中，共和国 Jun 26, 2025 · Weimar Republic - Treaty, Versailles, 1919: The government’s instructions to the German peace delegation that went to Versailles, France, at the end of April 1919 show how wide was the gap between German and Allied opinion. vladimir@mybox. German WW2 helmets, uniforms, insignia, visors, medals, boots, and more. The relationship between the Wehrmacht (from 1935 to 1945 the regular combined armed forces of Nazi Germany) and the Nazi Party which ruled Germany has been the subject of an extensive historiographical debate. These ranks and insignia were specific to the Heer and in special cases to Since 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany has no special military courts. In the fourteen years the Weimar Republic was in existence, some forty parties were represented in the Reichstag. The basis for Feldgrau lays within our unit histories. Ranks and insignia of the German Army (1935–1945)Army rank insignia Specialty insignia (NCOs and enlisted) The Heer as the German army and part of the Wehrmacht inherited its uniforms and rank structure from the Reichsheer of the Weimar Republic (1921–1935). To view links or images in signatures your post count must be 50 or greater. ” When Friedrich Ebert, the leader of the so-called Majority Socialists, accepted the imperial chancellorship from Max von Baden, it was with the understanding that he would do his utmost to save the imperial system from May 23, 2024 · People use the term “Weimar Republic” to refer to a period in German history between 1919 and 1933 when the government was a democratic republic governed by a constitution that was laid out in the German city of Weimar. Named after the town of Weimar, where its constitution was drafted, the republic was established following Germany’s defeat and the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II. In this section you will find all units documented to one degree or another. In addition, the Wehrmacht and SS assembled around 30 units. The only weimar vibe this mod captures is the author's tepid refusal to denounce fascism. I answer immediately The main means the Wehrmacht had at its disposal for conducting the war consisted of issuing direct orders and disseminating propaganda. In Nazi Germany, German military personnel swore an oath directly to Adolf Hitler. The Nazis were said to have conducted experiments [7] into the occult. Historically, the German armed forces had operated with a great The Wehrmacht (German pronunciation: [ˈveːɐ̯maxt] ⓘ, lit. pu. . The Georgian military formations were commanded by Shalva Maglakelidze, Michel-Fridon Zulukidze, Col. Hosted by George Lepre. This period of German history is often known as the Weimar period. Solomon Nicholas Zaldastani, and other officers formerly of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918–21). Good job, this will certainly be something to look forward to. The German armed forces kept the name Reichswehr until Adolf Hitler 's 1935 proclamation of "restoration of military sovereignty", at which point it became part of the new Wehrmacht. For any problem, information Or more photos, Contact me now With an email or telephone contact on eBay in contact information. The Weimar Republic was the new system of democratic government established in Germany following the collapse of the Second Reich . We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The Weimar Republic (1919-1933) also used the term "Wehrmacht" to refer to its armed forces, which were limited in size and armament under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. /fax: +420 583 444 317 mobile: +420 720 395 276 lehar. A career soldier before the Nazi seizure of power, he was one of Hitler’s most loyal officers among the old-line officer corps before being abruptly dismissed from office. a. e. 0/10 wehraboo trash. The designation " Wehrmacht " replaced the previously used term Reichswehr (Reich Defence) and was the manifestation of the Nazi regime's efforts to rearm La république de Weimar (en allemand : Weimarer Republik, /ˈva ɪ. Such a law has not been passed Nov 1, 2015 · My thoughts and prayers are with families of the victims. The Waffen-SS, an initially small paramilitary section of Heinrich Himmler's Allgemeine SS that grew to nearly a million strong during The Heer as the German army and part of the Wehrmacht inherited its uniforms and rank structure from the Reichsheer of the Weimar Republic (1921–1935). The Weimar Republic (German: Weimarer Republik, IPA: [ˈvaɪ̯marər repuˈbliːk]) is the common name for the republic that governed Germany from 1919 to 1933. ; 4 August 1897 – 30 November 1982) [1] was a German military officer whose career spanned the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, West Germany and NATO. This changed during the Weimar Republic, when the oath became one of allegiance to the Constitution and its institutions. The subjects covered included apprehending desertions, close-quarters combat in confined space searches A year later, he issued the “Law for the Restoration of the Wehrmacht,” which introduced mandatory military service. The Heer as the German army and part of the Wehrmacht inherited its uniforms and rank structure from the Reichsheer of the Weimar Republic (1921–1935). Chiang Wei-Kuo commanded a German Panzer during Anschluss, earned a commission as a Wehrmacht lieutenant in anticipation of Fall Weiss, before being recalled back to China. See full list on britannica. bcyybm maket xro kdrkkd uevo numbb ptxs jaktm bybjdje tujm